History
Across the millennia
The Calanais Standing Stones were erected between 2900 and 2600 BC – before the main circle at Stonehenge in England. Ritual activity at the site may have continued for 2000 years. The area inside the circle was levelled and the site gradually became covered with peat between 1000 and 500 BC.
Peat cutting around the site in 1857 revealed the true height of the stones. It’s possible that there’s plenty more archaeology sealed beneath the peat that covers much of the Western Isles.
An archaeological landscape
Calanais has a unique layout among Neolithic monuments:
- a 4.8m tall monolith stands at the heart of the monument
- lines of smaller stones radiate out to the east, west and south
- an 83m long avenue runs to the north, From the north runs an 83m long avenue, formed by two lines of stones that narrow as they approach the circle
- a small chambered tomb lies within the circle
There are at least 11 smaller stone circles surrounding Calanais. Some of these date from much later than the central circle, which indicates the complex was in use for several centuries. These are crucial to help with the understanding of the significance of this area, and how the landscape was used by prehistoric people.
The stones are set on a prominent ridge, easily visible from land and sea for miles around.
Remnant of an ancient society
The Western Isles would have been a lot warmer 5,000 years ago, and food and wildlife were plentiful. The extensive ritual landscape around of which Calanais is a part, speaks of a thriving and sophisticated society.
The form of the site and the artefacts found during excavation also show that this community was part of a wider culture which involved the construction of earthen enclosures known as henges and impressive circles of timber or stone.
