Padlock

It was with this padlock that the Honours of Scotland – Scotland’s Crown jewels – were sealed away in 1707. They were locked in a chest and then secured in a room, using this padlock, following the Act of Union between England and Scotland. It was only in 1818 that Sir Walter Scott rediscovered the Honours.

The famous novelist was able to gain the Prince Regent’s permission to re-enter the Crown Room. He arranged for this iron padlock, which secured the inner iron door, to be broken. Inside the room, he found the Honours of Scotland wrapped in a linen cloth inside the wooden chest. The padlock was found left upon the chest – its thick shank cut along its length.

The padlock has three parallel, hinged latches, each with three decorative crosses in vertical rows. The central hinged latch can be lifted to reveal the keyhole. The two outer hinged latches are solely decorative and do not move. The body of the padlock has eight decorative crosses along its outer border. A layer of black paint is worn away in places, to show a layer of red paint beneath.

The padlock is on display in Edinburgh Castle. It is on loan from the Commissioners for the Keeping of the Regalia.

Edinburgh Castle

Edinburgh Castle has witnessed many of the defining events in Scotland’s history. Sieges were fought over the mighty stronghold. Royalty lived and died within its walls. Just the sight of the Castle Rock has terrified and inspired countless generations.

Fierce Iron Age warriors defended a hill fort here, and the nation’s oldest poetry tells of a war band feasting here for a year before riding to their deaths in battle.

The castle’s royal connections go back 1,000 years, and the city’s oldest building stands on the site. David I built St Margaret’s Chapel around 1130, as a tribute to his devout mother.

Edinburgh has been besieged more than any other castle in Europe, and the Scots and English struggled over its control during the Wars of Independence. In 1314, Thomas Randolph, a relative of Robert the Bruce, led a daring night raid to reclaim it from the English.

Over the last 200 years, Edinburgh Castle has become a national icon. Today it is Scotland’s leading tourist attraction and a chief element of the Old and New Towns of Edinburgh UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Home of royalty

Scottish monarchs commissioned grand buildings here – both as secure lodgings and to show off their wealth, power and good taste. The castle’s royal role continues today.

Monarchs who sheltered here include:

Queen Margaret (later St Margaret), who died here in 1093
Mary Queen of Scots, who gave birth to James VI in the Royal Palace in 1566

Edinburgh was among Scotland’s chief royal residences during the 1400s and 1500s.

Bonnie Prince Charlie – Mary’s great-great-great grandson – captured Edinburgh but failed to take the castle during the 1745–46 Jacobite Rising.

Army headquarters

Edinburgh Castle became more important as a military base from the late 1500s onwards.

After the ‘Lang Siege’ of 1571–3, the castle’s military strength was repaired, maintained and improved. Additions included:

the distinctive Half Moon Battery
a huge garrison
a secure jail for prisoners of war

The military presence remains unbroken – Edinburgh Castle is still an active base today. It also houses three military museums, the Scottish National War Memorial and the Prisons of War exhibition.

Find out more about Edinburgh Castle